Significance of Oral Health:

Oral health holds an important place in the overall health of a person. Untreated oral diseases accompanied by poor oral health constitute a significant impact on one’s life. Basic human needs like eating, drinking and swallowing along with smiling and communicating are affected if proper oral health is not pursued. Oral health is related to the eating patterns and life style patterns of a person. In the recent times, these patterns have seen a tremendous change and consumption of sugar rich diets, increased alcohol and tobacco consumption have led to the changing pattern of the diseases too. Moreover the increased costs of oral and dental treatments have marginalized them to a limited section of the society. With the many oral and dental diseases like oral cancer, plaque, cavities, bad breath, gum diseases, fungal infections, toothaches and tooth erosion, care has to be taken to promote overall health. There are many professional treatments that can be availed of for the treatment of these above mentioned diseases.

Various oral health treatments

• Benzocaine: this is a topical anesthetic that is used to treat toothaches and mouth ulcers. Its numbing effect is used when treatments related to the above mentioned oral diseases are being initiated. The nerve endings that are located near the skin’s surface are numbed by the application of bencozaine.
• Chlorhexidine: a chemical antiseptic it is used to reduce or even kill the gram positive and gram negative microbes. The chlorhexidine gluconate is used as a germicidal mouthwash thus rinsing the mouth after brushing reduces bacteria. It is highly recommended for the treatment of gingivitis which has symptoms like bleeding, redness and swelling of the gums. The prescription should however be only taken after being prescribed by a dentist. Care must be taken when using chlorhexidine as it can stain teeth, tongue, dentures, restored teeth and even the insides of the mouth. Other serious side effects like sores in the mouth or lips, white patches around the mouth or mouth ulcers should be immediately reported.
• Dental implants: the process to implant an artificial tooth root to hold a bridge or a replacement tooth is called a dental implant. The procedure is ideal for those people that have lost a tooth due to an injury or a peridontal disease. Support of the neighboring teeth is not needed by dental implants and with the advanced techniques being used these days, implants look and feel as natural teeth. Often with dental implants, people forget that a tooth is missing.

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• Dentures: in case of missing teeth, dentures are the most suitable option. These are removable replacements which are of two types, the complete dentures and partial dentures. When all the teeth are missing, complete dentures are used whereas partial dentures are used when there are some natural teeth remaining. Complete dentures are further categorized into two- immediate and conventional. Immediate dentures are ready for use as soon as all the teeth have been removed and hence the patient does not remain without teeth. On the other hand conventional dentures are more useful as they give the gums the time to get back to normal during the healing period and thus fit in the mouth properly. Partial dentures are used when a few of the natural teeth remain in the upper or the lower jaw. These are helpful in stopping the other teeth from changing position and also filling in the spaces of the missing teeth.

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• Diflucan: an antifungal antibiotic, diflucan is used to treat fungal infections that might affect any body part. It is also used to treat fungal infections in the mouth, esophagus and throat. The oral diflucan is also used to treat candidiasis, thrush and fungal infection of the oropharynx.

• Ketoconazole: another of these treatments for fungal infection is the ketoconazole. It is mostly used when infection spreads through the blood to different parts of the body including the mouth. The treatment procedure works by slowing the fungi growth thus inhibiting infection.

• Nizoral: this is a drug that is similar to ketoconazole and is used to treat fungal infections. Working on the same lines, the two terms are often used interchangeably.
• Root canal therapy: the root canal therapy is the treatment procedure where the internal aspects of the teeth are treated. This internal structure mainly refers to the pulp tissue and any damage to this is treated by the root canal treatment.  A badly decayed or infected tooth can be saved by the root canal procedure. The procedure involves the cleaning and sealing of the tooth from the inside after the pulp and the nerve tissues have been removed. If the above procedure is not adopted for treatment, abscesses may form infecting the surrounding tissues.

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• Wisdom teeth surgery: the term wisdom teeth are age related and the third molars that are referred to as wisdom teeth erupt only after the age of 15. Some typical growth characteristics of wisdom teeth are pain and crowding and in many cases they erupt partially. This partial eruption becomes a breeding ground for germs and bacteria. Therefore wisdom teeth surgery becomes necessary in cases of pain, infection, lack of space and swelling of the gum line. The surgery of wisdom teeth involves the extraction of the tooth by removing the gum tissue, detaching the connective tissue, removing the tooth and finally suturing the opening.

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Therefore with the above mentioned treatments oral health can be taken care of to a great extent. However each of these treatment methods has their own advantages and side effects. Therefore they must always be used or applied under medical supervision. With the above treatment methods, it is also important to remember that the initial causes of poor oral health should be taken care of. These include a change in the dietary habits, proper oral health care through regular brushing, rinsing and flossing of the teeth. It is also recommended that periodic dental and oral checkups must be taken to rule out any fungal or bacterial infections.

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